Indian Polity

The first interim chairman/president of the Constituent Assembly was Dr Sachchidananda Sinha; the elected permanent President was Dr Rajendra Prasad. The Assembly first met on 9 December 1946.

The President submits a resignation to the Vice-President under Article 56(1)(a). The Vice-President then informs the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.

The President’s pardoning power is provided by Article 72. It covers pardons, reprieves, respites, remissions and commutations in specified cases including court-martial and Union-law offences.

The President of India appoints the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners under Article 324.

The election of the President is governed by Article 55, which provides for proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote and a secret ballot.

The source identifies Nabin Chandra Bordoloi as the subject of “Smritir Tirtha.” The work belongs to the Assamese biographical/literary tradition.

The source identifies Numoli Borgohain as the writer of the Chakri Feti Buranji. Buranjis are important historical chronicles of the Ahom period.

The first Governor-General of India under the Government of India Act, 1858 was Lord Canning, who had earlier served as Governor-General of India.

Sarojini Naidu became India’s first woman Governor, serving as Governor of the United Provinces from 1947 until 1949.

The composition of the Lok Sabha is dealt with principally in Article 81, which provides for representation of states and Union territories in the House of the People.

The Parliament of the Maldives is called the People’s Majlis. It is the country’s unicameral legislative body.

K. C. Wheare described India as quasi-federal, reflecting a federal structure with a strong central government. This is a classic comparative-constitutional description.

The source key associates The Struggle of My Life with Nelson Mandela. Mandela’s life story is closely linked with the anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa.

The Constitution provides five writs: habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari and quo warranto. The Supreme Court issues them under Article 32; High Courts under Article 226.

The minimum age for membership of the Rajya Sabha is 30 years, under Article 84. A Lok Sabha member must be at least 25.

Under Article 56, the President may resign by writing addressed to the Vice-President of India.

Rajya Sabha members submit resignation to the Vice-President, who is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. This differs from Lok Sabha members, who resign to the Speaker.

The Supreme Court has read the Right to Privacy into Article 21 as part of life and personal liberty, especially after the 2017 Puttaswamy judgment.

Assam elects 7 Rajya Sabha members. The constitutional allocation of seats to states is provided through the Fourth Schedule.

The Judiciary acts as the guardian of Fundamental Rights through judicial review and constitutional remedies, especially under Article 32.