Indian Culture

near Gwalior represent the paintings of the Gupta era Bagh Caves are in present-day Madhya Pradesh and are known for murals broadly associated with the Gupta period

The origin of Ayurveda dates back to the Vedic era. Most material relating to the health and diseases are available in Atharva veda The Atharvaveda contains substantial material on diseases, healing practices and medicinal traditions

The decimal system was invented by the Indian mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata in the 5th century CE Aryabhata worked in the 5th century CE; the decimal place-value system developed through Indian mathematical traditions, with Brahmagupta later giving important rules for zero

Bronze icons of Nataraja cast during the Chola period invariably show the deity with four hands. Bronze icon of Nataraja is the finest example of Chola sculpture.

The Panchayatan style is a temple plan in which a principal shrine is accompanied by four subsidiary shrines, forming a five-shrine arrangement.

The famous paintings of Padmapani and Vajrapani Bodhisattvas under Buddhism are found in Ajanta Caves near Aurangabad.

Works of Kalidasa: Ritusanharam, Meghadutam, Kumarasambhavam, Raghuvansham, Malavikagnimitram, Vikramorvashiyam, Abhijnanashakuntalam. Uttararamacharitam is a Sanskrit play in 7 acts in the Nataka style. It is written by Bhavabhuti.

(This poetry book was written by Jatindranath Duwara in 1952, and this poetry book got the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1955.

The Discovery of India is a historical and cultural study of India written by Jawaharlal Nehru during his imprisonment; it was published in 1946.

The Panchatantra is traditionally attributed to Vishnu Sharma and consists of interrelated animal fables teaching practical wisdom.

The Jnanpith Award is India's highest literary honour and recognises outstanding contribution to Indian literature in a recognised language.

Bharata Muni is traditionally credited with the Natya Shastra, a foundational Sanskrit treatise on drama, dance and performance theory.

In 1026, Mahmud Ghazni lent the precious jewels and property of Somnath temple. After looting, slaughtering innumerable pilgrims of the temple and burning the temple and destroying it.

Dr Sanjib Barua authored India Against Itself, a study dealing with the political economy and identity-related issues of India's Northeast.

Jana Gana Mana was first sung publicly at the Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress on 27 December 1911. It was composed by Rabindranath Tagore. The Constituent Assembly adopted it as India's National Anthem on 24 January 1950.

Mughal painting reached a particularly refined stage under Jahangir (1605–1627). His interest in naturalistic portraits, plants and animals encouraged detailed observation and individualised painting.

Madhubani painting or Mithila painting is associated with the Mithila region, especially Bihar. Traditionally practiced by women, it uses geometric, floral and mythological motifs.

Satyameva Jayate is taken from the Mundaka Upanishad 3.1.6. It means 'Truth alone triumphs' and became India's national motto with the State Emblem in 1950.

Bharatanatyam is the classical dance tradition of Tamil Nadu. Its theoretical foundation is linked to the Natya Shastra; its modern stage form developed through temple and court traditions.

Mohiniyattam developed in Kerala and is one of India's classical dance forms. Its name derives from Mohini, the female form of Vishnu in Hindu tradition.