Q1. Who is the Father of Indian Space Programme?
(A) Dr Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai
(B) Dr Satish Dhawan
(C) Dr Homi J Bhabha
(D) Dr Krishnaswami Kasturirangan
Answer: (A)
Exp: Dr Vikram A. Sarabhai is regarded as the founding father of India’s space programme. ISRO was formed on 15 August 1969.
Q2. Which of the following has the maximum percentage in sea water?
(A) Magnesium Chloride
(B) Magnesium Sulphate
(C) Potassium Sulphate
(D) Sodium Chloride
Answer: (D)
Exp: Sodium chloride is the major dissolved salt in seawater and accounts for the largest share of its dissolved salts. Average ocean salinity is about 35‰, or 3.5% by mass.
Q3. The mean distance from the Sun to the Earth is known as:
(A) Light year
(B) Parallactic second
(C) Astronomical unit
(D) Angstrom
Answer: (C)
Exp: An astronomical unit (AU) is the mean Earth–Sun distance. 1 AU is about 149.6 million km.
Q4. In human digestive system, the process of digestion starts in:
(A) Oesophagus
(B) Buccal cavity
(C) Duodenum
(D) Stomach
Answer: (B)
Exp: Digestion begins in the mouth or buccal cavity, where chewing and salivary enzymes begin chemical digestion of starch.
Q5. What is measured in hertz?
(A) Frequency
(B) Energy
(C) Heat
(D) Quality
Answer: (A)
Exp: Hertz (Hz) is the SI unit of frequency. 1 hertz equals one cycle or event per second.
Q6. A solar cooker works on the same principle as:
(A) Bolometer
(B) Pyrometer
(C) Greenhouse
(D) Solar PV cell
Answer: (C)
Exp: A solar cooker traps solar radiation and heat, using a greenhouse-effect-like heat-retention principle. Solar PV cells instead convert sunlight into electricity.
Q7. Animals that eat both plants and animals are called:
(A) Neither carnivores, omnivores nor herbivores
(B) Carnivores
(C) Herbivores
(D) Omnivores
Answer: (D)
Exp: Omnivores consume both plant and animal matter. Herbivores mainly eat plants, while carnivores mainly eat animals.
Q8. The speed of wind is measured by:
(A) Wind vane
(B) Wind rose
(C) Barometer
(D) Anemometer
Answer: (D)
Exp: An anemometer measures wind speed. A wind vane shows wind direction and a barometer measures atmospheric pressure.
Q9. Approximate percentage of carbon in Earth’s crust is:
(A) 0.045%
(B) 0.025%
(C) 0.015%
(D) 0.005%
Answer: (B)
Exp: Carbon makes up about 0.025% of Earth’s crust by mass. Despite its low abundance, carbon forms an exceptionally large number of compounds.
Q10. Rickets and night blindness are caused by deficiency of:
(A) Vitamin D, Vitamin A
(B) Vitamin D, Vitamin C
(C) Vitamin B1, Vitamin C
(D) Vitamin E, Vitamin A
Answer: (A)
Exp: Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets by disturbing calcium and phosphate metabolism. Vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness and impaired dark adaptation.
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Q11. Which acid is predominantly found in tomatoes?
(A) Acetic acid
(B) Tartaric acid
(C) Oxalic acid
(D) Lactic acid
Answer: (C)
Exp: Among the given options, oxalic acid is the intended answer; tomatoes contain several organic acids that contribute to their characteristic taste.
Q12. The nucleic acid present in coronavirus is:
(A) DNA
(B) Oxyribonucleic acid
(C) RNA
(D) Chromatin
Answer: (C)
Exp: Coronaviruses are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Their RNA genome is enclosed inside the viral particle.
Q13. The main constituent of LPG is:
(A) Hexane
(B) Pentane
(C) Butane
(D) Methane
Answer: (C)
Exp: LPG mainly contains propane and butane. Among the given choices, butane is correct; the exact mixture varies by source and season.
Q14. The first rocket launched from India was in:
(A) 1963
(B) 1977
(C) 1948
(D) 1973
Answer: (A)
Exp: The first sounding rocket was launched from Thumba, Kerala, on 21 November 1963. It marked the beginning of India’s organised space programme; ISRO was established in 1969.
Q15. What is the full form of GSM?
(A) Geographic System for Mobility
(B) Global System for Mobile Communications
(C) Great System for Mobiles
(D) Grand System for Mobility
Answer: (B)
Exp: GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communications, a digital cellular communication standard.
Q16. Identify the unit of measuring intensity of sound:
(A) Knots
(B) Ampere
(C) Candela
(D) Decibel
Answer: (D)
Exp: Sound level is expressed in decibels (dB), a logarithmic unit. The term bel was named after Alexander Graham Bell.
Q17. Which one of the following waves is used for detecting forgery in currency notes?
(A) Ultraviolet waves
(B) Infrared waves
(C) Radio waves
(D) Microwaves
Answer: (A)
Exp: An authentic paper currency will fluoresce when it is illuminated by long wave ultraviolet light Ultraviolet security features are used to reveal fluorescent markings on many genuine currency notes
Q18. World Bank’s headquarter is located at:
(A) Manila
(B) Washington DC
(C) Newyork
(D) Geneva
Answer: (B)
Exp: The headquarters of the World Bank is situated in Washington DC, United States The World Bank Group’s headquarters are in Washington, D.C., United States
Q19. The group of stars that indicates the direction of Poles is:
(A) Saptarishi
(B) Mrig
(C) Scorpio
(D) Taurus
Answer: (A)
Exp: The Saptarishi constellation (Big Dipper/Ursa Major) is used as a guide to locate the Pole Star and hence the north direction.
Q20. Light year is a unit for measurement of:
(A) Very large distances
(B) Time interval in years
(C) Amount of light received on earth in a year
(D) Mass of atoms
Answer: (A)
Exp: In scientific usage, a light-year is a unit of length that is equal to the distance light travels in one year in the vacuum of space.
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Q21. Which of these is a celestial phenomenon occurring due to stars?
(A) Ozone Hole
(B) Black Hole
(C) Rainbow
(D) Comet
Answer: (B)
Exp: A black hole is a region of spacetime with gravity so strong that electromagnetic radiation cannot escape from within its event horizon. It is an astronomical phenomenon associated with stellar evolution and other processes.
Q22. Which one of the following hypothesis/theory explains the origin of the universe?
(A) Nebular Hypothesis
(B) Binary Theory
(C) Big Bang Theory
(D) Planetesimal Hypothesis
Answer: (C)
Exp: Big Bang Theory is a hypothesis that explains how our universe originated from a small singularity. Nebular Hypothesis is about the origin of the Solar System, Sun, and Stars.
Q23. Which branch of Biology deals with study of fossils?
(A) Cryology
(B) Pulmonology
(C) Paleontology
(D) Nephrology
Answer: (C)
Exp: Palaeontology is the branch of science that deals with the study of fossils.
Q24. Which one of the following substances has the highest specific heat?
(A) Petrol
(B) Iron
(C) Water
(D) Alcohol
Answer: (C)
Exp: Water has maximum density at 4 degree celsius.
Q25. Which among the following converts chemical energy to electrical energy?
(A) Dynamo
(B) Generator
(C) Motor
(D) Battery
Answer: (D)
Exp: A dry cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
Q26. Which one of the following gases turns lime water milky?
(A) Carbon dioxide
(B) Chlorine
(C) Hydrogen Sulphide
(D) Hydrogen
Answer: (A)
Exp: Carbondioxide (CO2) gas turns lime water into milky. Carbondioxide (CO2) turns lime water milky, due to the formation of CaCO3 (calcium carbonate).
Q27. Which planets do not have satellites revolving around them?
(A) Mars and Venus
(B) Mercury and Venus
(C) Mars and Mercury
(D) Neptune and Pluto
Answer: (B)
Exp: Mercury and Venus are the only planets in our solar system which do not have any natural satellite.
Q28. Which of the following blood groups is referred to as universal donor?
Answer: (A)
Exp: Blood group O is known as the universal donor as this blood group does not contain any antigens on the surface of its red blood cells.
Q29. Which of the following is the fastest spinning planet? OR Which among the following planet has the fastest speed of rotation?
(A) Venus
(B) Jupiter
(C) Saturn
(D) Mars
Answer: (B)
Exp: Jupiter is the fastest spinning planet in our Solar System rotating on average once in just under 10 hours. This means that Jupiter has the shortest days of all the planets in the Solar System.
Q30. Apiculture is associated with:
(A) Honeybee
(B) Fish
(C) Lac-insects
(D) Silkworm
Answer: (A)
Exp: Apiculture means the scientific rearing and management of honeybees for honey, wax and other products.
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Q31. Water droplets cause rainbow due to:
(A) Reflection of sunlight
(B) Refraction of sunlight
(C) Reflection & refraction of sunlight
(D) Diffusion of sunlight
Answer: (C)
Exp: After rainfall, small droplets of water is present in the atmosphere. The ray of light coming from the sun after raindrops follows reflection and then reflect internally. So, rainbow formation is actually the result of both reflection and refraction both.
Q32. Dialysis is performed for the treatment of:
(A) Cancer
(B) Astigmatism
(C) Renal failure
(D) Rheumatism
Answer: (C)
Exp: Dialysis is a procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly. The term renal failure denotes inability of the kidneys to perform excretory function leading to retention of nitrogenous waste products from the blood.
Q33. Lambert Glacier, the largest and fastest moving glacier in the world is located in:
(A) China
(B) Nepal
(C) Russia
(D) Antarctica
Answer: (D)
Exp: The largest glacier in the world, Antarctica's Lambert Glacier, is one of the world's fastest-moving ice streams.
Q34. How many moons does Mars have?
Answer: (B)
Exp: The two moons of Mars are Phobos and Deimos. They are irregular in shape.
Q35. Genetics is related to the study of:
(A) Heredity
(B) Chromosomes
(C) Sleeping sickness
(D) Muscles
Answer: (A)
Exp: Genetics is the scientific study of genes and heredity—of how certain qualities or traits are passed from parents to offspring as a result of changes in DNA sequence.
Q36. Which of the following animals can hear ultrasonic sound?
(A) Rat
(B) Cow
(C) Squirrel
(D) Bat
Answer: (D)
Exp: Ultrasonic sounds have frequencies more than 20000 Hz. Among the following animals dogs, cats and bats can hear ultrasonic sounds. Animals like dogs, whales, bats, dolphins, etc. can hear sounds of frequencies more than 20,000 Hz, i.e., ultrasounds.
Q37. The first artificial satellite of India was launched on:
(A) August 30,1983
(B) April 1, 1982
(C) April 19, 1975
(D) None of these
Answer: (C)
Exp: Aryabhata was the first artificial satellite launched by India on 19th April 1975.
Q38. The instrument for measuring intensity of earthquake is called:
(A) Barometer
(B) Pantograph
(C) Epigraph
(D) Seismograph
Answer: (D)
Exp: A seismograph records ground motion caused by seismic waves. Earthquake magnitude is commonly expressed using the moment magnitude scale (Mw), while intensity describes observed effects using scales such as the Modified Mercalli scale.
Q39. Which layer of the atmosphere makes radio communication possible?
(A) Troposphere
(B) Thermosphere
(C) Ionosphere
(D) Stratosphere
Answer: (C)
Exp: The ionosphere contains charged particles produced by solar radiation. Its ionized layers can reflect/refract radio waves, enabling long-distance radio communication, especially in the high-frequency range.
Q40. The surface of which planet is not solid?
(A) Jupiter
(B) Mars
(C) Venus
(D) Mercury
Answer: (A)
Exp: Jupiter is a gas giant composed predominantly of hydrogen and helium and has no solid surface like Earth or Mars. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are the four giant planets.
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Q41. The density of milk is measured by:
(A) Salinometer
(B) Calorimeter
(C) Pyrometer
(D) Lactometer
Answer: (D)
Exp: A lactometer is a hydrometer used to estimate the specific gravity/density of milk. It is commonly used as a quick indicator of milk quality.
Q42. Which instrument is used for measuring humidity in air?
(A) Hydrometer
(B) Hygrometer
(C) Spectrometer
(D) Eudiometer
Answer: (B)
Exp: A hygrometer measures humidity, the amount of water vapour in air. A psychrometer is a type of hygrometer using wet- and dry-bulb temperatures.
Q43. The working principle of a washing machine is:
(A) Centrifugation
(B) Dialysis
(C) Reverse osmosis
(D) Diffusion
Answer: (A)
Exp: The spin-drying stage of a washing machine uses centrifugation. Rapid rotation forces water outward through the perforated drum, separating it from clothes.
Q44. When is World AIDS Day observed?
(A) 1st October
(B) 12th December
(C) 1st December
(D) 13th November
Answer: (C)
Exp: World AIDS Day is observed every year on 1 December. It was first observed in 1988 and focuses on HIV/AIDS awareness, prevention, treatment and remembrance.
Q45. The science of raising silkworms to obtain silk cocoons is:
(A) Apiculture
(B) Floriculture
(C) Silviculture
(D) Sericulture
Answer: (D)
Exp: Sericulture is the rearing of silkworms for silk production. Apiculture concerns bees, floriculture flowers, and silviculture the cultivation and management of forests.
Q46. The acid present in ‘vinegar’ is:
(A) Formic acid
(B) Acetic acid
(C) Sulphuric acid
(D) Nitric acid
Answer: (B)
Exp: Acetic acid (ethanoic acid), formula CH₃COOH, is the characteristic acid in vinegar.
Q47. In India, National Science Day is observed on:
(A) 5 June
(B) 5 September
(C) 28 February
(D) 2 October
Answer: (C)
Exp: 28 February 1928 marks C. V. Raman’s discovery of the Raman Effect; India observes National Science Day on this date.
Q48. In India, the right to property is now recognized as:
(A) fundamental right
(B) legal right
(C) natural right
(D) political right
Answer: (B)
Exp: The 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 removed the Right to Property from Fundamental Rights; it is now protected as a constitutional legal right under Article 300A.
Q49. Who was the Viceroy of India at the time of Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
(A) Lord Hardinage
(B) Lord Irwin
(C) Lord Chelmsford
(D) Lord Curzon
Answer: (C)
Exp: The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on 13 April 1919 during the tenure of Viceroy Lord Chelmsford.
Q50. Which of the following gases is most predominant in the Sun?
(A) Mithen
(B) Nitrogen
(C) Hydrogen
(D) Ozone
Answer: (C)
Exp: The Sun is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. Hydrogen accounts for about 73–75% of the Sun’s mass, while nuclear fusion in its core converts hydrogen into helium and releases energy.
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Q51. Which one of the following organs excretes water, fat and various catabolic wastes?
(A) Kidney
(B) Skin
(C) Spleen
(D) Salivary glands
Answer: (A)
Exp: The kidneys are the principal excretory organs. They filter blood and remove nitrogenous wastes, excess water and salts through urine; their structural and functional units are called nephrons.
Q52. Cooking gas (L.P.G.) is a mixture of:
(A) Methane and Butane
(B) Ethane and Propane
(C) Propane and Butane
(D) Propane and Methane
Answer: (C)
Exp: LPG is mainly a mixture of the hydrocarbons propane and butane. It is stored as a liquid under pressure and vaporizes for use as a cooking fuel.
Q53. The human cell contains:
(A) 44 chromosomes
(B) 48 chromosomes
(C) 46 chromosomes
(D) 23 chromosomes
Answer: (C)
Exp: A normal human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs. Gametes such as sperm and ova contain 23 chromosomes.
Q54. Which of the following parts of our diet is required for bone and teeth structure?
(A) Potassium
(B) Iron
(C) Calcium
(D) Vitamin-C
Answer: (C)
Exp: Calcium is essential for the formation and maintenance of strong bones and teeth. It is also important for muscle contraction, nerve function and blood clotting.
Q55. Which of the following is called the laughing gas?
(A) Nitrogen Oxide
(B) Hydrogen Oxide
(C) Nitrous Oxide
(D) Sulphur Oxide
Answer: (C)
Exp: Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is commonly called laughing gas. It has been used medically as an analgesic and anaesthetic, although uncontrolled inhalation can be dangerous.
Q56. Spherical form of raindrop is due to:
(A) Density of liquid
(B) Surface tension of water
(C) Atmospheric pressure of Air
(D) Gravitational force of Earth
Answer: (B)
Exp: Raindrops tend towards a spherical shape because of surface tension. Surface tension minimizes the surface area of a liquid for a given volume.
Q57. The colour of milk of cow is yellow due to the presence of:
(A) Carotene
(B) Riboflavin
(C) Ribulose
(D) None of these
Answer: (A)
Exp: Carotene, especially beta-carotene, contributes to the yellowish colour of cow’s milk and dairy fat. It is a fat-soluble pigment obtained largely through the animal’s diet.
Q58. Malaria can be cured from a drug extracted from:
(A) Belladona tree
(B) Cinchona tree
(C) Oak tree
(D) Amaltas tree
Answer: (B)
Exp: Cinchona bark contains quinine and related alkaloids that were historically important in the treatment of malaria. Modern malaria treatment uses specific antimalarial medicines according to the parasite and clinical situation.
Q59. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles produce one of the following as “exhaust”:
(A) NH3
(B) CH4
(C) H2O
(D) H2O2
Answer: (C)
Exp: A hydrogen fuel cell combines hydrogen and oxygen electrochemically to produce electricity. The main products are water and heat, so H₂O is the exhaust product.
Q60. At which temperature density of water is maximum?
(A) 4ºC
(B) 0ºC
(C) – 4ºC
(D) 100ºC
Answer: (A)
Exp: Water has its maximum density at about 4°C. This anomalous expansion of water is important for aquatic ecosystems because ice floats while denser water remains below.
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Q61. The normal temperature of the human body is:
(A) approximately 17ºC
(B) approximately 37ºC
(C) approximately 58ºC
(D) approximately 100ºC
Answer: (B)
Exp: The average normal human body temperature is about 37°C, although it varies with the individual, time of day and method of measurement.
Q62. The plants which prepare their own food are called:
(A) Heterotrophs
(B) Autotrops
(C) Saprophytes
(D) Parasites
Answer: (B)
Exp: Autotrophs are organisms capable of producing their own food, generally through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Green plants are the most familiar photosynthetic autotrophs.
Q63. The gas used in the artificial ripening of fruits is:
(A) Acetylene
(B) Methane
(C) Ethelene
(D) Butane
Answer: (C)
Exp: Ethylene is a plant hormone that promotes fruit ripening. Commercial ripening practices use controlled ethylene exposure; unsafe chemicals such as calcium carbide are not the same as ethylene-based ripening.
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